Bluetongue- the latest updates

Bluetongue continues to be one of the most significant animal health challenges facing the UK livestock sector in 2026. Following the emergence and spread of Bluetongue Virus Serotype 3 (BTV-3) across parts of Great Britain, farmers, vets and industry stakeholders remain on high alert as the seasonal risk period progresses. [gov.uk], [ahdb.org.uk]

As of early August 2026, there have been 95 confirmed cases of BTV-3 in the UK during the current vector season, including 92 cases in England and three in Wales. No cases have been reported in Scotland or Northern Ireland during the current season. Many of the recent cases have been identified in the South West of England, particularly in Devon, Somerset and Cornwall, highlighting the continued spread of infection through midge activity. [gov.uk], [ahdb.org.uk]

What is Bluetongue?

Bluetongue is a viral disease affecting ruminants, including sheep, cattle, goats and deer, as well as camelids such as alpacas and llamas. The disease is spread by biting midges rather than through direct animal-to-animal contact. Importantly, Bluetongue does not affect humans and poses no food safety risk. [ahdb.org.uk], [gov.wales]

Clinical signs can vary between species and individuals, but may include:

• Fever
• Lethargy
• Lameness
• Swelling of the face, lips and tongue
• Mouth ulcers and excessive drooling
• Reduced milk yield
• Nasal discharge
• Reproductive losses, including abortion and stillbirths

Infections during pregnancy can also result in calves and lambs being born weak, blind or with congenital abnormalities. [ahdb.org.uk], [the-common…room.co.uk]

Why is 2026 a Concern?

The warmer weather experienced across much of the UK has created ideal conditions for midge populations to thrive. Higher temperatures accelerate virus development within the midge, increasing the risk of transmission to susceptible livestock. As a result, disease pressure typically increases throughout late summer and early autumn. [gov.wales]

Reports from industry organisations suggest that the number of suspect cases and farm investigations has risen sharply in recent weeks, particularly across the South West. This serves as a reminder that Bluetongue remains an active and evolving threat rather than a disease confined to isolated outbreaks. [nationalsheep.org.uk], [gov.uk]

Vaccination Remains the Key Defence

With no treatment available to eliminate the virus itself, vaccination remains the most effective tool for reducing disease impact and protecting animal welfare. Industry bodies, including AHDB and the National Sheep Association, continue to encourage farmers to discuss vaccination strategies with their veterinary advisers, particularly ahead of breeding and during periods of high midge activity. [ahdb.org.uk], [nationalsheep.org.uk]

It is important to remember that available BTV-3 vaccines protect against BTV-3 only and do not provide protection against other Bluetongue serotypes. [ahdb.org.uk]

What Should Farmers Be Doing?

Farmers should remain vigilant and monitor stock closely for any signs consistent with Bluetongue. Early reporting is essential, as Bluetongue is a notifiable disease. Any suspicion should be reported immediately to the Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA). [gov.uk], [ahdb.org.uk]

Key actions include:

• Reviewing vaccination plans with your vet.
• Monitoring animals for clinical signs.
• Keeping up to date with movement regulations and control zones.
• Maintaining robust biosecurity measures.
• Reporting suspected cases promptly. [gov.uk], [gov.wales]

Looking Ahead

As we move through the peak midge season, the livestock industry must remain proactive. Continued surveillance, vaccination uptake and close collaboration between farmers, vets and government agencies will be critical in limiting the impact of Bluetongue on UK livestock production.

While the current picture remains challenging, awareness and preparedness are helping the industry respond more effectively than ever before. Staying informed and acting early will be vital in protecting both animal health and farm businesses throughout the remainder of the 2026 season